当前的电动小汽车基本上采取的是基于纯硬件电路的一种开环控制方法，或者是直线行使，或者是在遥控下作出前进、后退、转弯、停车等基本功能。但是它们不能实现在某些特殊的场合下，我们需要能够自动控制的小型设备先采集到一些有用的信息的功能。本文正是在这种需要之下开发设计的一种智能的电动小车的自动控制系统。它以单片机ARDUINO为控制核心，附以外围电路，在画有黑线的白纸“路面”上行使,由于黑线和白线对光线的反射系数不同,可根据接收到的反射光的强弱来判断“道路”——黑线。如图1-1判断信号可通过单片机控制驱动模块修正前进方向，以使其保持沿着黑线行进。(The current electric vehicle basically adopts a kind of open loop control method based on pure hardware circuit, or is a straight line exercise, or a basic function of making progress, backward, turning, stopping and so on under remote control. But they can't be realized in some special situations, and we need the automatic control of a small device to capture some useful information first. This article is a kind of intelligent electric vehicle automatic control system developed and designed under this need. It takes MCU ARDUINO as the core of control, plus peripheral circuit, and goes up on white paper road with black line. Because the reflection coefficient of black line and white line is different, we can judge the road "black line" according to the strength of reflected light. As in Figure 1-1, the signal can be corrected by the MCU control drive module to keep it along the black line.)