遗传算法（Genetic Algorithm）是一类借鉴生物界的进化规律（适者生存，优胜劣汰遗传机制）演化而来的随机化搜索方法。它是由美国的J.Holland教授1975年首先提出，其主要特点是直接对结构对象进行操作，不存在求导和函数连续性的限定；具有内在的隐并行性和更好的全局寻优能力；采用概率化的寻优方法，能自动获取和指导优化的搜索空间，自适应地调整搜索方向，不需要确定的规则。遗传算法的这些性质，已被人们广泛地应用于组合优化、机器学习、信号处理、自适应控制和人工生命等领域。它是现代有关智能计算中的关键技术。-Genetic Algorithm (Genetic Algorithm) is a type of reference biological evolution law (survival of the fittest, survival of the fittest genetic mechanism) random search method evolved. It was first proposed by the United States J.Holland professor in 1975, its main feature is the direct object of the structure of the operation, continuity of derivation and function defined does not exist　have a global implicit inherent parallelism and better optimization capability　 with probability of optimization method that can automatically obtain and guide optimized search space, the search direction adaptively adjust the rules do not need to determine. These properties GA, has been widely used in combinatorial optimization, machine learning, signal processing field, adaptive control and artificial life. It is a modern computing on smart key technology.