拓扑学是近代发展起来的一个研究连续性现象的数学分支。中文名称起源于希腊语Τοπολογ?α的音译。Topology原意为地貌，于19世纪中期由科学家引入，当时主要研究的是出于数学分析的需要而产生的一些几何问题。发展至今，拓扑学主要研究拓扑空间在拓扑变换下的不变性质和不变量。 -Topology is a the modern developed a research continuity phenomenon branch of mathematics. The Chinese name originated in the Greek Τοπολογ? Transliteration of α. The Topology intent of the topography, introduced in the mid-19th century by scientists, the research was mainly for mathematical analysis needs some geometric problems. Development since the invariant properties and invariants of the Topology Research topological space topological transformation.