本文就认知无线电发展的历史沿革进行了分析和总结，并介绍了认知无线电的四种技术包括：频谱感知、频谱管理、频谱移动性和频谱共享。并对这四种技术进行了翔实的说明和解释。同时在文章的最后对认知无线电发展的难点热点进行了分析，并对其未来的发展进行了展望。-In this paper, the development of cognitive radio history are analyzed and summarized, and presented four cognitive radio technologies, including: spectrum sensing, spectrum management, spectrum mobility and spectrum sharing. And these four techniques were detailed descr iption and explanation. Finally, both the article difficult and hot cognitive radio development were analyzed, and its future development prospect.