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第一章 绪论
1.1数据库应用系统开发简介
在数据库应用系统开发之前，对开发数据库的基本概念应当了解，对数据库的结构、开发数据库应用程序的步骤、开发体系及方法都应当有相当清晰的了解和认识。
数据库应用系统开发的目标是建立一个满足用户长期需求的产品。开发的主要过程为：理解用户的需求，然后，把它们转变为有效的数据库设计。把设计转变为实际的数据库，并且这些数据库带有功能完备、高效能的应用。
数据库技术在计算机软件邻域研究中一直是非常重要的主题，产生于60年代，30多年来数据库技术得到了迅速发展，并已形成较为完整的理论体系和一大批实用系统。并且，近年来，随着World Wide Web(WWW)的猛增及Internet技术的迅速发展，使得数据库技术之时成为最热门技术之一。
A．数据库
数据库由DBMS（数据库管理系统）处理，DBMS则由开发人员和用户通过应用程序直接或间接地使用。它主要包括四个要素：用户数据、元数据、索引和应用元数据。
①用户数据
-ooooooooooo
1.1数据库应用系统开发简介
在数据库应用系统开发之前，对开发数据库的基本概念应当了解，对数据库的结构、开发数据库应用程序的步骤、开发体系及方法都应当有相当清晰的了解和认识。
数据库应用系统开发的目标是建立一个满足用户长期需求的产品。开发的主要过程为：理解用户的需求，然后，把它们转变为有效的数据库设计。把设计转变为实际的数据库，并且这些数据库带有功能完备、高效能的应用。
数据库技术在计算机软件邻域研究中一直是非常重要的主题，产生于60年代，30多年来数据库技术得到了迅速发展，并已形成较为完整的理论体系和一大批实用系统。并且，近年来，随着World Wide Web(WWW)的猛增及Internet技术的迅速发展，使得数据库技术之时成为最热门技术之一。
A．数据库
数据库由DBMS（数据库管理系统）处理，DBMS则由开发人员和用户通过应用程序直接或间接地使用。它主要包括四个要素：用户数据、元数据、索引和应用元数据。
①用户数据
-ooooooooooo
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下载文件列表
教材管理系统\教材管理系统\毕业设计\教材管理系统\bookbrower.dcu
............\............\........\............\bookbrower.ddp
............\............\........\............\bookbrower.dfm
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............\............\........\............\bookfee.dcu
............\............\........\............\bookfee.ddp
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............\............\........\............\bookfee.pas
............\............\........\............\bookin.dcu
............\............\........\............\bookin.ddp
............\............\........\............\bookin.dfm
............\............\........\............\bookin.pas
............\............\........\............\bookinrpt.dcu
............\............\........\............\bookinrpt.ddp
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............\............\........\............\books.dpr
............\............\........\............\books.exe
............\............\........\............\books.res
............\............\........\............\checkuser.dcu
............\............\........\............\checkuser.ddp
............\............\........\............\checkuser.dfm
............\............\........\............\checkuser.pas
............\............\........\............\classbookbrower.dcu
............\............\........\............\classbookbrower.ddp
............\............\........\............\classbookbrower.dfm
............\............\........\............\classbookbrower.pas
............\............\........\............\classmanage.dcu
............\............\........\............\main.dcu
............\............\........\............\operator.dcu
............\............\........\............\operator.ddp
............\............\........\............\operator.dfm
............\............\........\............\operator.pas
............\............\........\............\passwordchange.dcu
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............\............\........\............\passwordchange.pas
............\............\........\............\returnfee.dcu
............\............\........\............\returnfee.ddp
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............\............\........\............\takebook.dcu
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............\............\........\............\Unitbook.dcu
............\............\........\............\Unitbook.ddp
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............\............\........\............\units.dcu
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............\............\........\............\studentbook.~pas
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............\............\........\............\CHS\bookbrower.dfm
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............\............\........\............\
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............\............\........\............\bookbrower.dfm
............\............\........\............\bookbrower.pas
............\............\........\............\bookfee.dcu
............\............\........\............\bookfee.ddp
............\............\........\............\bookfee.dfm
............\............\........\............\bookfee.pas
............\............\........\............\bookin.dcu
............\............\........\............\bookin.ddp
............\............\........\............\bookin.dfm
............\............\........\............\bookin.pas
............\............\........\............\bookinrpt.dcu
............\............\........\............\bookinrpt.ddp
............\............\........\............\bookinrpt.dfm
............\............\........\............\bookinrpt.pas
............\............\........\............\books.dpr
............\............\........\............\books.exe
............\............\........\............\books.res
............\............\........\............\checkuser.dcu
............\............\........\............\checkuser.ddp
............\............\........\............\checkuser.dfm
............\............\........\............\checkuser.pas
............\............\........\............\classbookbrower.dcu
............\............\........\............\classbookbrower.ddp
............\............\........\............\classbookbrower.dfm
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............\............\........\............\classmanage.dcu
............\............\........\............\main.dcu
............\............\........\............\operator.dcu
............\............\........\............\operator.ddp
............\............\........\............\operator.dfm
............\............\........\............\operator.pas
............\............\........\............\passwordchange.dcu
............\............\........\............\passwordchange.ddp
............\............\........\............\passwordchange.dfm
............\............\........\............\passwordchange.pas
............\............\........\............\returnfee.dcu
............\............\........\............\returnfee.ddp
............\............\........\............\returnfee.dfm
............\............\........\............\returnfee.pas
............\............\........\............\returnfeerpt.dcu
............\............\........\............\returnfeerpt.dfm
............\............\........\............\returnfeerpt.pas
............\............\........\............\studentbook.dcu
............\............\........\............\takebook.dcu
............\............\........\............\takebook.ddp
............\............\........\............\takebook.dfm
............\............\........\............\takebook.pas
............\............\........\............\Unitbook.dcu
............\............\........\............\Unitbook.ddp
............\............\........\............\Unitbook.dfm
............\............\........\............\Unitbook.pas
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............\............\........\............\教材系统.mdb
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............\............\........\............\CHS\bookbrower.dfm
............\............\........\............\...\bookbrower.dfn
............\............\........\............\...\bookfee.dfm
............\............\........\............\...\bookfee.dfn
............\............\........\............\