车辆路线问题（VRP）最早是由Dantzig和Ramser于1959年首次提出，它是指一定数量的客户，各自有不同数量的货物需求，配送中心向客户提供货物，由一个车队负责分送货物，组织适当的行车路线，目标是使得客户的需求得到满足，并能在一定的约束下，达到诸如路程最短、成本最小、耗费时间最少等目的。(The vehicle routing problem (VRP) was first proposed by Dantzig and Ramser in 1959, it refers to a certain number of customers, each with different number of demand for goods distribution center to provide goods to customers by a team responsible for the distribution of goods, organize appropriate route, which aims to satisfy the needs of customers. And under certain constraints, such as to achieve the shortest distance, minimum cost and cost least time to.)