滤波器，顾名思义，是对波进行过滤的器件。“波”是一个非常广泛的物理概念，在电子技术领域，“波”被狭义地局限于特指描述各种物理量的取值随时间起伏变化的过程。该过程通过各类传感器的作用，被转换为电压或电流的时间函数，称之为各种物理量的时间波形，或者称之为信号。因为自变量时间‘是连续取值的，所以称之为连续时间信号，又习惯地称之为模拟信号(Analog Signal)。随着数字式电子计算机(一般简称计算机)技术的产生和飞速发展，为了便于计算机对信号进行处理，产生了在抽样定理指导下将连续时间信号变换成离散时间信号的完整的理论和方法。也就是说，可以只用原模拟信号在一系列离散时间坐标点上的样本值表达原始信号而不丢失任何信息，波、波形、信号这些概念既然表达的是客观世界中各种物理量的变化，自然就是现代社会赖以生存的各种信息的载体。信息需要传播，靠的就是波形信号的传递。信号在它的产生、转换、传输的每一个环节都可能由于环境和干扰的存在而畸变，甚至是在相当多的情况下，这种畸变还很严重，以致于信号及其所携带的信息被深深地埋在噪声当中了比较。-Filter, by definition, is a wave filter devices.　Wave　is a very wide range of physical concepts in the field of electronic technology,　wave　has been narrowly confined to specific to describe various physical values change over time, the process of ups and downs. The process begins by the effect of various types of sensors, it is converted into a voltage or current function of time, known as the time waveform of various physical quantities, or call signal. Because the argument time　is the continuous value, the so called continuous-time signal, used to call the analog signal (Analog Signal). With the emergence of digital computer (usually referred to as the computer) and the rapid development of technology, in order to facilitate computer for signal processing, resulting in a complete theory and methods under the guidance of the sampling theorem continuous time signal into a discrete-time signal. That is, you can only use the original analog signal sample values in a series of discr